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Web Accessibility (a11y) Tutorial• 6 min read
Introduction to Web Accessibility & WCAG Principles
The POUR principles: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust
Web Accessibility (a11y) ensures that websites and digital tools are designed and developed so that people with visual, auditory, motor, or cognitive disabilities can use them effectively.
The 4 Core WCAG Principles (POUR)
1Perceivable: Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive (e.g. text alternatives for non-text content, subtitles for audio).
2Operable: User interface components and navigation must be operable via diverse inputs (e.g. 100% keyboard navigable without a mouse).
3Understandable: Information and the operation of the user interface must be clear and predictable (e.g. readable text, error prevention and helpful feedback).
4Robust: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies like screen readers.
Pro Tip
Accessible design benefits everyone—captions help in noisy coffee shops, high contrast helps in bright sunlight, and keyboard navigation speeds up power users.
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Test Yourself With Exercise
What do the four letters in the WCAG accessibility acronym POUR stand for?