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Hypothesis Testing & P-Values
Understand the Null Hypothesis (H₀), statistical significance (alpha = 0.05), and how to interpret p-values in A/B experiments.
The Framework of A/B Testing
In an A/B test or scientific experiment:
Null Hypothesis (H₀): There is NO real difference between Version A and Version B (any observation is pure chance).
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): There IS a genuine effect.
P-value: The probability of seeing results at least as extreme as your data, assuming the null hypothesis is true.
If p < 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the difference is statistically significant.
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Test Yourself With Exercise
In standard statistical practice, what threshold (alpha) is conventionally required to reject the null hypothesis?