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Network Security, Firewalls & DDoS Mitigation
SYN floods, DNS amplification, Web Application Firewalls (WAF), and Cloudflare
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks attempt to exhaust network bandwidth or server compute resources using botnets, causing legitimate traffic to be dropped.
Common DDoS Attack Vectors & Defenses
Volumetric Attacks (Layer 3/4): Flooding network pipes with gigabits of UDP or SYN flood packets. Mitigated via Anycast DNS routing and Cloudflare/AWS Shield scrubbing centers.
Application Layer Attacks (Layer 7): Flooding resource-heavy endpoints (e.g. repeated complex search queries or login attempts) to exhaust CPU and database connections.
Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Inspects incoming HTTP payloads, automatically blocking known malicious signatures and rate-limiting IP addresses.
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Test Yourself With Exercise
What type of firewall inspects HTTP/HTTPS traffic to filter out malicious requests (like SQLi or XSS payloads) before they reach the web application?