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Python Tutorial• 6 min read
Python OOP: Classes & Objects
Object-Oriented Programming, __init__, and self in Python
Python is an object-oriented programming language. Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and methods.
Creating Classes and The __init__() Constructor
Use the class keyword to create a class blueprint.
The __init__() function is the constructor called automatically whenever a new object is instantiated.
The self parameter is a reference to the current instance of the class.
Object-Oriented Programming Example
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, track, xp=0):
self.name = name
self.track = track
self.xp = xp
def complete_lesson(self, xp_reward=20):
self.xp += xp_reward
print(f"{self.name} earned {xp_reward} XP! Total: {self.xp} XP")
def get_status(self):
return f"{self.name} is studying {self.track} (XP: {self.xp})"
# Create student instance
coder = Student("Emma", "Python & AI")
print(coder.get_status())
coder.complete_lesson(50)ADVERTISEMENT
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Test Yourself With Exercise
What is the name of the special constructor method invoked when creating a new object instance in Python?