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List, Dict & Set Comprehensions
Concise inline expressions replacing verbose for-loops
Comprehensions provide a concise, readable, and highly optimized C-speed syntax for creating new lists, dictionaries, or sets from existing iterables.
Comprehension Syntax Anatomy
List Comprehension: [expression for item in iterable if condition].
Dictionary Comprehension: {key_expr: val_expr for item in iterable if condition].
Set Comprehension: {expr for item in iterable} creates a deduplicated set.
Speed benefit: Comprehensions run at compiled C bytecode speed inside Python, executing significantly faster than manual for loops with .append().
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
# List comprehension: Square only even numbers
even_squares = [n ** 2 for n in numbers if n % 2 == 0]
print("Even squares:", even_squares) # [4, 16, 36, 64, 100]
# Dict comprehension: Map usernames to lowercase
users = ["Alice_Smith", "Bob_Dev", "Charlie_AI"]
user_map = {name: name.lower() for name in users}
print("User lookup map:
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Test Yourself With Exercise
What is the output of `[x * 2 for x in [1, 2, 3] if x > 1]` in Python?